Ministero dell’Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio, pp 195–202īalduzzi A, Bianchi CN, Boero F, Cattaneo-Vietti R, Pansini M, Sarà M (1989) The suspension-feeder communities of a Mediterranean sea cave. In: Cicogna F, Bianchi CN, Ferrari G, Forti P (eds) Grotte marine. KeywordsĪngeletti L, Taviani M (2020) Offshore Neopycnodonte oyster reefs in the Mediterranean Sea. Due to the recent discovery and description of these biostalactites and their apparent rarity, data are scant, especially those related with the associated vagile faunas and the biodiversity. The complete set of growth/structural development has to be investigated yet. The presence of boring organisms is strongly reduced. The gravity force shapes in a more tenacious arrangement the structure. These peculiar frames known as biostalactites are conical to cylindrical in shape and typically restricted to semi-dark and dark cave portions, reaching considerable sizes and protruding from the ceiling and/or walls. They are dominated by a few selected taxa of skeletonized invertebrates, essentially Polychaeta Serpulidae, Porifera, and Bryozoa, to which carbonate-producing bacterial communities add. Due to light decrease, until complete darkness, bioconstructions of innermost cave sectors lack algae and consist of a simplified association if compared with that at the entrance. Epi- and endolithic Bivalvia are present as well, together with the boring Porifera Clionaidae, representing the demolition community which establishes a dynamic equilibrium with the building one. Coralline algae with their convolute calcareous thalli are the primary engineers, while Porifera, Cnidaria, and erect Bryozoa compete for more sheltered and dark positions. Near the entrance of Mediterranean submarine caves, where light and hydrodynamism are not limited, bio-concretions are similar to those found in the coralligenous. Notwithstanding this general rule, true engineer organisms can develop forming three-dimensional structures in particular situations. This situation induces sessile animals like Porifera and Bryozoa to reduce their presence, shifting from massive to tiny encrusting morphologies. A specifically designed aft section on this private luxury submarine provides a secure configuration that can be firmly tied to their support yachts, providing a stable platform for boarding on the private submersible.In dark zones of submarine caves, photosynthesis-related production and water movement can be negligible or absent. Its unique ability for the personal submarine to tilt at surface provides an extremely stable platform for boarding, which does not require obtrusive forward pontoons that severely restrict peripheral viewing from inside the private submarine. The Aurora private luxury submarine field of view is greatly enhanced by moving the access hatch away from the window into a separate compartment behind the main cabin of the personal or private submersible. The Aurora personal luxury submarine offers a solid and straight back stern designed to securely dock to the support yachts at surface, further improving safety and logistics. Telescopic handrails come up from the top deck of this private luxury submarine to provide a safe environment for people to board in a variety of sea states. When floating at surface this private luxury submarine has a high freeboard making a stable platform for people to walk on. The occupants from this private luxury submarine have a view, unobstructed by top hatches and side pontoons and provides the sensation of entering the underwater world, as opposed to simply observing it. SEAmagine's innovative Aurora technology is a new approach to the design of a personal luxury submarine, maximizing the field of view of the personal submarine and providing an unparalleled vista.
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